diff --git a/bukkit/build.gradle.kts b/bukkit/build.gradle.kts
index 10489df7f..52a33db12 100644
--- a/bukkit/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/bukkit/build.gradle.kts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ repositories {
     maven("https://repo.momirealms.net/releases/")
     maven("https://libraries.minecraft.net/")
     maven("https://repo.papermc.io/repository/maven-public/")
+    maven("https://repo.gtemc.net/releases/")
 }
 
 dependencies {
@@ -62,6 +63,8 @@ dependencies {
     compileOnly("com.mojang:authlib:${rootProject.properties["authlib_version"]}")
     // concurrentutil
     compileOnly("ca.spottedleaf:concurrentutil:${rootProject.properties["concurrent_util_version"]}")
+    // ItemBridge
+    compileOnly("cn.gtemc:itembridge:${rootProject.properties["itembridge_version"]}")
 }
 
 java {
@@ -90,6 +93,7 @@ tasks {
         relocate("net.kyori", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("net.momirealms.sparrow.nbt", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.nbt")
         relocate("net.momirealms.antigrieflib", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.antigrieflib")
+        relocate("cn.gtemc.itembridge", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.itembridge")
         relocate("org.incendo", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("dev.dejvokep", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("org.bstats", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.bstats")
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/build.gradle.kts b/bukkit/compatibility/build.gradle.kts
index 0919122ee..e0f9a3b33 100644
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/bukkit/compatibility/build.gradle.kts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ repositories {
     maven("https://repo.codemc.io/repository/maven-public/") // quickshop
     maven("https://repo.nexomc.com/releases/") // nexo
     maven("https://repo.opencollab.dev/main/") // geyser
+    maven("https://repo.gtemc.net/releases/")
 }
 
 dependencies {
@@ -96,6 +97,8 @@ dependencies {
     compileOnly("org.geysermc.geyser:api:2.9.0-SNAPSHOT")
     // Floodgate
     compileOnly("org.geysermc.floodgate:api:2.2.4-SNAPSHOT")
+    // ItemBridge
+    compileOnly("cn.gtemc:itembridge:${rootProject.properties["itembridge_version"]}")
 }
 
 java {
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/BukkitCompatibilityManager.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/BukkitCompatibilityManager.java
index 78fc7c7cf..2b165aeb2 100644
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/BukkitCompatibilityManager.java
+++ b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/BukkitCompatibilityManager.java
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.block.BukkitBlockManager;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.block.entity.renderer.element.BukkitBlockEntityElementConfigs;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.bedrock.FloodgateUtils;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.bedrock.GeyserUtils;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item.*;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.legacy.slimeworld.LegacySlimeFormatStorageAdaptor;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.leveler.*;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.model.bettermodel.BetterModelBlockEntityElementConfig;
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.tag.CustomNameplateProvid
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.viaversion.ViaVersionUtils;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.worldedit.WorldEditBlockRegister;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.font.BukkitFontManager;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.item.BukkitItemManager;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.plugin.BukkitCraftEngine;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.block.BlockManager;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.entity.furniture.ExternalModel;
@@ -130,7 +128,6 @@ public class BukkitCompatibilityManager implements CompatibilityManager {
             this.hasPlaceholderAPI = true;
             logHook("PlaceholderAPI");
         }
-        this.initItemHooks();
         if (this.isPluginEnabled("LuckPerms")) {
             this.initLuckPermsHook();
             logHook("LuckPerms");
@@ -167,7 +164,6 @@ public class BukkitCompatibilityManager implements CompatibilityManager {
             logHook("EcoJobs");
         }
         if (this.isPluginEnabled("MythicMobs")) {
-            BukkitItemManager.instance().registerExternalItemSource(new MythicMobsSource());
             new MythicItemDropListener(this.plugin);
             logHook("MythicMobs");
         }
@@ -224,7 +220,7 @@ public class BukkitCompatibilityManager implements CompatibilityManager {
 
     private void initLuckPermsHook() {
         new LuckPermsEventListeners(plugin.javaPlugin(), (uuid) -> {
-            BukkitFontManager fontManager = (BukkitFontManager) plugin.fontManager();
+            BukkitFontManager fontManager = plugin.fontManager();
             fontManager.refreshEmojiSuggestions(uuid);
         });
     }
@@ -297,42 +293,6 @@ public class BukkitCompatibilityManager implements CompatibilityManager {
         }
     }
 
-    private void initItemHooks() {
-        BukkitItemManager itemManager = BukkitItemManager.instance();
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("NeigeItems")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new NeigeItemsSource());
-            logHook("NeigeItems");
-        }
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("MMOItems")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new MMOItemsSource());
-            logHook("MMOItems");
-        }
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("CustomFishing")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new CustomFishingSource());
-            logHook("CustomFishing");
-        }
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("Zaphkiel")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new ZaphkielSource());
-            logHook("Zaphkiel");
-        }
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("HeadDatabase")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new HeadDatabaseSource());
-            logHook("HeadDatabase");
-        }
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("SX-Item")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new SXItemSource());
-            logHook("SX-Item");
-        }
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("Slimefun")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new SlimefunSource());
-            logHook("Slimefun");
-        }
-        if (this.isPluginEnabled("Nexo")) {
-            itemManager.registerExternalItemSource(new NexoItemSource());
-            logHook("Nexo");
-        }
-    }
-
     private Plugin getPlugin(String name) {
         return Bukkit.getPluginManager().getPlugin(name);
     }
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/CustomFishingSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/CustomFishingSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index e4e28368d..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/CustomFishingSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import net.momirealms.customfishing.api.BukkitCustomFishingPlugin;
-import net.momirealms.customfishing.api.mechanic.context.Context;
-import net.momirealms.customfishing.api.mechanic.context.ContextKeys;
-import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-public class CustomFishingSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "customfishing";
-    }
-
-    @SuppressWarnings("UnstableApiUsage")
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        Context<Player> ctx = Context.player(
-                (Player) Optional.ofNullable(context.player())
-                        .map(net.momirealms.craftengine.core.entity.player.Player::platformPlayer)
-                        .orElse(null)
-        );
-        return BukkitCustomFishingPlugin.getInstance().getItemManager().buildInternal(ctx.arg(ContextKeys.ID, id), id);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        return BukkitCustomFishingPlugin.getInstance().getItemManager().getCustomFishingItemID(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/HeadDatabaseSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/HeadDatabaseSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 90f8763aa..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/HeadDatabaseSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import me.arcaniax.hdb.api.HeadDatabaseAPI;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-public class HeadDatabaseSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-    private HeadDatabaseAPI api;
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "headdatabase";
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        if (api == null) {
-            api = new HeadDatabaseAPI();
-        }
-        return api.getItemHead(id);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        if (api == null) {
-            api = new HeadDatabaseAPI();
-        }
-        return api.getItemID(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/MMOItemsSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/MMOItemsSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 68f5831af..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/MMOItemsSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import net.Indyuce.mmoitems.MMOItems;
-import net.Indyuce.mmoitems.api.Type;
-import net.Indyuce.mmoitems.api.item.mmoitem.MMOItem;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.Material;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
-
-public class MMOItemsSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "mmoitems";
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public @Nullable ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        String[] split = id.split(":", 2);
-        if (split.length == 1) {
-            split = split[0].split("_", 2);
-        }
-        if (split.length == 1) return new ItemStack(Material.AIR);
-        // 这里与使用和mmoitems相同的转换id方法
-        String mmoItemId = split[1].toUpperCase().replace("-", "_").replace(" ", "_");
-        MMOItem mmoItem = MMOItems.plugin.getMMOItem(Type.get(split[0]), mmoItemId);
-        return mmoItem == null ? new ItemStack(Material.AIR) : requireNonNull(mmoItem.newBuilder().build());
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        return MMOItems.getType(item) + "_" + MMOItems.getID(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/MythicMobsSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/MythicMobsSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 8eb9e7d9c..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/MythicMobsSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import io.lumine.mythic.api.adapters.AbstractPlayer;
-import io.lumine.mythic.api.skills.SkillCaster;
-import io.lumine.mythic.bukkit.BukkitAdapter;
-import io.lumine.mythic.bukkit.MythicBukkit;
-import io.lumine.mythic.core.drops.DropMetadataImpl;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-public class MythicMobsSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-    private MythicBukkit mythicBukkit;
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "mythicmobs";
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        if (mythicBukkit == null || mythicBukkit.isClosed()) {
-            this.mythicBukkit = MythicBukkit.inst();
-        }
-        return Optional.ofNullable(context.player())
-                .map(p -> (Player) p.platformPlayer())
-                .map(p -> {
-                    AbstractPlayer target = BukkitAdapter.adapt(p);
-                    SkillCaster caster = mythicBukkit.getSkillManager().getCaster(target);
-                    DropMetadataImpl meta = new DropMetadataImpl(caster, target);
-                    return mythicBukkit.getItemManager().getItem(id)
-                            .map(i -> i.generateItemStack(meta, 1))
-                            .map(BukkitAdapter::adapt)
-                            .orElse(null);
-                })
-                .orElseGet(() -> mythicBukkit.getItemManager().getItemStack(id));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        if (mythicBukkit == null || mythicBukkit.isClosed()) {
-            this.mythicBukkit = MythicBukkit.inst();
-        }
-        return mythicBukkit.getItemManager().getMythicTypeFromItem(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/NeigeItemsSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/NeigeItemsSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 5631f1dc9..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/NeigeItemsSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import pers.neige.neigeitems.manager.ItemManager;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-public class NeigeItemsSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "neigeitems";
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        return ItemManager.INSTANCE.getItemStack(id, Optional.ofNullable(context.player()).map(it -> (Player) it.platformPlayer()).orElse(null));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        return ItemManager.INSTANCE.getItemId(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/NexoItemSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/NexoItemSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index fbe3452e9..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/NexoItemSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import com.nexomc.nexo.api.NexoItems;
-import com.nexomc.nexo.items.ItemBuilder;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-public class NexoItemSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "nexo";
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        ItemBuilder itemBuilder = NexoItems.itemFromId(id);
-        if (itemBuilder == null) return null;
-        return itemBuilder.build();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        return NexoItems.idFromItem(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/SXItemSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/SXItemSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 93d820fd0..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/SXItemSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import github.saukiya.sxitem.SXItem;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-public class SXItemSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "sx-item";
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        return SXItem.getItemManager().getItem(id, Optional.ofNullable(context.player()).map(p -> (Player) p.platformPlayer()).orElse(null));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        return SXItem.getItemManager().getItemKey(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/SlimefunSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/SlimefunSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index d9c73986e..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/SlimefunSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import io.github.thebusybiscuit.slimefun4.api.items.SlimefunItem;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-public class SlimefunSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "slimefun";
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        return Optional.ofNullable(SlimefunItem.getById(id)).map(SlimefunItem::getItem).orElse(null);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        return Optional.ofNullable(SlimefunItem.getByItem(item)).map(SlimefunItem::getId).orElse(null);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/ZaphkielSource.java b/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/ZaphkielSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 3c9329b11..000000000
--- a/bukkit/compatibility/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/compatibility/item/ZaphkielSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.compatibility.item;
-
-import ink.ptms.zaphkiel.Zaphkiel;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
-import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
-import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
-
-import javax.annotation.Nullable;
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-/**
- * @author iiabc
- * @since 2025/8/30 09:39
- */
-public class ZaphkielSource implements ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> {
-
-    @Override
-    public String plugin() {
-        return "zaphkiel";
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public @Nullable ItemStack build(String id, ItemBuildContext context) {
-        Player player = Optional.ofNullable(context.player()).map(it -> (Player) it.platformPlayer()).orElse(null);
-        return Zaphkiel.INSTANCE.api().getItemManager().generateItemStack(id, player);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String id(ItemStack item) {
-        return Zaphkiel.INSTANCE.api().getItemHandler().getItemId(item);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/bukkit/loader/build.gradle.kts b/bukkit/loader/build.gradle.kts
index b8d526844..bb27e4c13 100644
--- a/bukkit/loader/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/bukkit/loader/build.gradle.kts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ repositories {
     maven("https://jitpack.io/")
     maven("https://repo.papermc.io/repository/maven-public/")
     maven("https://repo.momirealms.net/releases/")
+    maven("https://repo.gtemc.net/releases/")
     mavenCentral()
 }
 
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ dependencies {
     implementation("net.momirealms:sparrow-util:${rootProject.properties["sparrow_util_version"]}")
     implementation("net.momirealms:antigrieflib:${rootProject.properties["anti_grief_version"]}")
     implementation("net.momirealms:craft-engine-nms-helper:${rootProject.properties["nms_helper_version"]}")
+    implementation("cn.gtemc:itembridge:${rootProject.properties["itembridge_version"]}")
 }
 
 java {
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ tasks {
         relocate("net.kyori", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("net.momirealms.sparrow.nbt", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.nbt")
         relocate("net.momirealms.antigrieflib", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.antigrieflib")
+        relocate("cn.gtemc.itembridge", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.itembridge")
         relocate("org.incendo", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("dev.dejvokep", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("org.bstats", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.bstats")
diff --git a/bukkit/paper-loader/build.gradle.kts b/bukkit/paper-loader/build.gradle.kts
index 155a5e15b..09e83e3e6 100644
--- a/bukkit/paper-loader/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/bukkit/paper-loader/build.gradle.kts
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ repositories {
     maven("https://jitpack.io/")
     maven("https://repo.papermc.io/repository/maven-public/")
     maven("https://repo.momirealms.net/releases/")
+    maven("https://repo.gtemc.net/releases/")
     mavenCentral()
 }
 
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ dependencies {
     implementation("net.momirealms:sparrow-util:${rootProject.properties["sparrow_util_version"]}")
     implementation("net.momirealms:antigrieflib:${rootProject.properties["anti_grief_version"]}")
     implementation("net.momirealms:craft-engine-nms-helper-mojmap:${rootProject.properties["nms_helper_version"]}")
+    implementation("cn.gtemc:itembridge:${rootProject.properties["itembridge_version"]}")
 }
 
 java {
@@ -92,15 +94,33 @@ paper {
         register("BetterModel") { required = false }
 
         // external items
-        register("NeigeItems") { required = false }
+        register("AzureFlow") { required = false }
+        register("CustomFishing") { required = false }
+        register("EcoArmor") { required = false }
+        register("EcoCrates") { required = false }
+        register("EcoItems") { required = false }
+        register("EcoMobs") { required = false }
+        register("EcoPets") { required = false }
+        register("EcoScrolls") { required = false }
+        register("ExecutableItems") { required = false }
+        register("HeadDatabase") { required = false }
+        register("HMCCosmetics") { required = false }
+        register("ItemsAdder") { required = false }
+        register("MagicGem") { required = false }
         register("MMOItems") { required = false }
         register("MythicMobs") { required = false }
-        register("CustomFishing") { required = false }
-        register("Zaphkiel") { required = false }
-        register("HeadDatabase") { required = false }
-        register("SX-Item") { required = false }
-        register("Slimefun") { required = false }
+        register("NeigeItems") { required = false }
         register("Nexo") { required = false }
+        register("Nova") { required = false }
+        register("Oraxen") { required = false }
+        register("PxRpg") { required = false }
+        register("Ratziel") { required = false }
+        register("Reforges") { required = false }
+        register("Slimefun") { required = false }
+        register("StatTrackers") { required = false }
+        register("SX-Item") { required = false }
+        register("Talismans") { required = false }
+        register("Zaphkiel") { required = false }
 
         // leveler
         register("AuraSkills") { required = false }
@@ -155,6 +175,7 @@ tasks {
         relocate("net.kyori", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("net.momirealms.sparrow.nbt", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.nbt")
         relocate("net.momirealms.antigrieflib", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.antigrieflib")
+        relocate("cn.gtemc.itembridge", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.itembridge")
         relocate("org.incendo", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("dev.dejvokep", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries")
         relocate("org.bstats", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.bstats")
diff --git a/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/BukkitItemManager.java b/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/BukkitItemManager.java
index 08f477aaa..ce138ee0a 100644
--- a/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/BukkitItemManager.java
+++ b/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/BukkitItemManager.java
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.item;
 
+import cn.gtemc.itembridge.api.Provider;
+import cn.gtemc.itembridge.core.BukkitItemBridge;
 import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
 import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
 import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@ import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 
+@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 public class BukkitItemManager extends AbstractItemManager<ItemStack> {
     static {
         registerVanillaItemExtraBehavior(FlintAndSteelItemBehavior.INSTANCE, ItemKeys.FLINT_AND_STEEL);
@@ -56,6 +59,7 @@ public class BukkitItemManager extends AbstractItemManager<ItemStack> {
     private final Item<ItemStack> emptyItem;
     private final UniqueIdItem<ItemStack> emptyUniqueItem;
     private final Function<Object, Integer> decoratedHashOpsGenerator;
+    private BukkitItemBridge itemBridge;
     private Set<Key> lastRegisteredPatterns = Set.of();
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@@ -82,15 +86,13 @@ public class BukkitItemManager extends AbstractItemManager<ItemStack> {
     @Override
     public void delayedLoad() {
         super.delayedLoad();
-        List<ExternalItemSource<ItemStack>> sources = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<Provider<ItemStack, org.bukkit.entity.Player>> sources = new ArrayList<>();
         for (String externalSource : Config.recipeIngredientSources()) {
             String sourceId = externalSource.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
-            ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> provider = getExternalItemSource(sourceId);
-            if (provider != null) {
-                sources.add(provider);
-            }
+            Optional<Provider<ItemStack, org.bukkit.entity.Player>> provider = itemBridgeProvider().provider(sourceId);
+            provider.ifPresent(sources::add);
         }
-        this.factory.resetRecipeIngredientSources(sources.isEmpty() ? null : sources.toArray(new ExternalItemSource[0]));
+        this.factory.resetRecipeIngredientSources(sources.isEmpty() ? null : sources.toArray(new Provider[0]));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -442,4 +444,14 @@ public class BukkitItemManager extends AbstractItemManager<ItemStack> {
     public Function<Object, Integer> decoratedHashOpsGenerator() {
         return decoratedHashOpsGenerator;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public BukkitItemBridge itemBridgeProvider() {
+        if (this.itemBridge == null) {
+            BukkitItemBridge.BukkitBuilder builder = BukkitItemBridge.builder();
+            builder.removeById("craftengine");
+            this.itemBridge = builder.build();
+        }
+        return this.itemBridge;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/factory/BukkitItemFactory.java b/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/factory/BukkitItemFactory.java
index 49760561b..34ec2fa08 100644
--- a/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/factory/BukkitItemFactory.java
+++ b/bukkit/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/bukkit/item/factory/BukkitItemFactory.java
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.item.factory;
 
+import cn.gtemc.itembridge.api.Provider;
 import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.nms.FastNMS;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.plugin.reflection.minecraft.CoreReflections;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.plugin.reflection.minecraft.MBuiltInRegistries;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.util.ItemTags;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.bukkit.util.KeyUtils;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemFactory;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemKeys;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemWrapper;
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.util.UniqueKey;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.util.VersionHelper;
 import net.momirealms.sparrow.nbt.Tag;
 import org.bukkit.Bukkit;
+import org.bukkit.entity.Player;
 import org.bukkit.inventory.ItemStack;
 
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ import java.util.Optional;
 
 public abstract class BukkitItemFactory<W extends ItemWrapper<ItemStack>> extends ItemFactory<W, ItemStack> {
     private boolean hasExternalRecipeSource = false;
-    private ExternalItemSource<ItemStack>[] recipeIngredientSources = null;
+    private Provider<ItemStack, Player>[] recipeIngredientSources = null;
 
     protected BukkitItemFactory(CraftEngine plugin) {
         super(plugin);
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ public abstract class BukkitItemFactory<W extends ItemWrapper<ItemStack>> extend
         throw new IllegalStateException("Unsupported server version: " + VersionHelper.MINECRAFT_VERSION.version());
     }
 
-    public void resetRecipeIngredientSources(ExternalItemSource<ItemStack>[] recipeIngredientSources) {
+    public void resetRecipeIngredientSources(Provider<ItemStack, Player>[] recipeIngredientSources) {
         if (recipeIngredientSources == null || recipeIngredientSources.length == 0) {
             this.recipeIngredientSources = null;
             this.hasExternalRecipeSource = false;
@@ -102,8 +103,8 @@ public abstract class BukkitItemFactory<W extends ItemWrapper<ItemStack>> extend
             return null;
         }
         if (this.hasExternalRecipeSource) {
-           for (ExternalItemSource<ItemStack> source : this.recipeIngredientSources) {
-               String id = source.id(item.getItem());
+           for (Provider<ItemStack, Player> source : this.recipeIngredientSources) {
+               String id = source.idOrNull(item.getItem());
                if (id != null) {
                    return UniqueKey.create(Key.of(source.plugin(), StringUtils.toLowerCase(id)));
                }
diff --git a/common-files/src/main/resources/translations/zh_cn.yml b/common-files/src/main/resources/translations/zh_cn.yml
index cbe3894bc..f1f7138c8 100644
--- a/common-files/src/main/resources/translations/zh_cn.yml
+++ b/common-files/src/main/resources/translations/zh_cn.yml
@@ -563,16 +563,19 @@ warning.config.selector.invalid_type: "<yellow>在文件 <arg:0> 发现问题 -
 warning.config.selector.invalid_target: "<yellow>在文件 <arg:0> 发现问题 - 配置项 '<arg:1>' 使用了无效的选择器目标 '<arg:2>'</yellow>"
 warning.config.resource_pack.item_model.already_exist: "<yellow>无法为 '<arg:0>' 生成物品模型, 因为文件 '<arg:1>' 已存在</yellow>"
 warning.config.resource_pack.model.generation.already_exist: "<yellow>无法生成模型, 因为模型文件 '<arg:0>' 已存在</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.generation.malformatted_json: "<yellow>Json文件 '<arg:0>' 格式错误</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_font_texture: "<yellow>字体'<arg:0>'缺少必要纹理: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_model_texture: "<yellow>模型'<arg:0>'缺少纹理'<arg:1>'</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_item_model: "<yellow>物品'<arg:0>'缺少模型文件: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_block_model: "<yellow>方块状态'<arg:0>'缺少模型文件: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_parent_model: "<yellow>模型'<arg:0>'找不到父级模型文件: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.malformatted_json: "<yellow>JSON 文件 '<arg:0>' 格式错误</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_font_texture: "<yellow>字体 '<arg:0>' 缺少必要纹理: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_model_texture: "<yellow>模型 '<arg:0>' 缺少纹理 '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_atlas_texture: "<yellow>纹理图集 '<arg:0>' 缺少纹理 '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_item_model: "<yellow>物品 '<arg:0>' 缺少模型文件: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_block_model: "<yellow>方块状态 '<arg:0>' 缺少模型文件: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_parent_model: "<yellow>模型 '<arg:0>' 找不到父级模型文件: '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
 warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_equipment_texture: "<yellow>装备 '<arg:0>' 缺少纹理 '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
 warning.config.resource_pack.generation.missing_sound: "<yellow>声音事件 '<arg:0>' 缺少 ogg 文件 '<arg:1>'</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.generation.texture_not_in_atlas: "<yellow>纹理'<arg:0>'不在图集内. 你需要将纹理路径或文件夹前缀添加到图集内, 或者启用 config.yml 中的 'fix-atlas' 选项</yellow>"
-warning.config.resource_pack.invalid_overlay_format: "<yellow>在 config.yml 的 'resource-pack.overlay-format' 处发现问题 - 无效的overlay格式 '<arg:0>'. Overlay格式必须包含占位符 '{version}'</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.texture_not_in_atlas: "<yellow>纹理 '<arg:0>' 不在纹理图集内. 你需要将纹理路径或文件夹前缀添加到纹理图集内, 或者启用 config.yml 中的 'fix-atlas' 选项</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.multiple_atlases: "<yellow>模型 '<arg:0>' 使用了多个纹理图集, 预期应来自 '<arg:1>', 但同时检测到 '<arg:2>'. 请确保模型使用的所有纹理均来自同一纹理图集以修复此问题</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.generation.duplicated_sprite: "<yellow>无法加载模型 '<arg:0>'. 纹理图集 '<arg:2>' 中的精灵图 '<arg:1>' 与纹理图集 '<arg:3>' 中的定义重复</yellow>"
+warning.config.resource_pack.invalid_overlay_format: "<yellow>在 config.yml 的 'resource-pack.overlay-format' 处发现问题 - 无效的叠加资源包格式 '<arg:0>'. 叠加资源包格式必须包含占位符 '{version}'</yellow>"
 warning.config.equipment.duplicate: "<yellow>在文件 <arg:0> 发现问题 - 重复的装备配置 '<arg:1>'. 请检查其他文件中是否存在相同配置</yellow>"
 warning.config.equipment.missing_type: "<yellow>在文件 <arg:0> 发现问题 - 装备 '<arg:1>' 缺少必需的 'type' 参数</yellow>"
 warning.config.equipment.invalid_type: "<yellow>在文件 <arg:0> 发现问题 - 装备 '<arg:1>' 使用了无效的 'type' 参数</yellow>"
diff --git a/core/build.gradle.kts b/core/build.gradle.kts
index f49d99ae4..d5f8a4bd1 100644
--- a/core/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/core/build.gradle.kts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ repositories {
     maven("https://jitpack.io/")
     maven("https://libraries.minecraft.net/")
     maven("https://repo.momirealms.net/releases/")
+    maven("https://repo.gtemc.net/releases/")
 }
 
 dependencies {
@@ -71,6 +72,8 @@ dependencies {
     compileOnly("ca.spottedleaf:concurrentutil:${rootProject.properties["concurrent_util_version"]}")
     // bucket4j
     compileOnly("com.bucket4j:bucket4j_jdk17-core:${rootProject.properties["bucket4j_version"]}")
+    // ItemBridge
+    compileOnly("cn.gtemc:itembridge:${rootProject.properties["itembridge_version"]}")
 }
 
 java {
@@ -110,6 +113,7 @@ tasks {
         relocate("io.netty.handler.codec.spdy", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.netty.handler.codec.spdy")
         relocate("io.netty.handler.codec.http2", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.netty.handler.codec.http2")
         relocate("io.github.bucket4j", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.bucket4j") // bucket4j
+        relocate("cn.gtemc.itembridge", "net.momirealms.craftengine.libraries.itembridge")
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/AbstractItemManager.java b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/AbstractItemManager.java
index 81b865041..c0784794d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/AbstractItemManager.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/AbstractItemManager.java
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.updater.ItemUpdaters;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.pack.AbstractPackManager;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.pack.LoadingSequence;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.pack.Pack;
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.pack.ResourceLocation;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.pack.allocator.IdAllocator;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.pack.model.*;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.pack.model.generation.AbstractModelGenerator;
@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractItemManager<I> extends AbstractModelGenerator impl
 
     private final ItemParser itemParser;
     private final EquipmentParser equipmentParser;
-    protected final Map<String, ExternalItemSource<I>> externalItemSources = new HashMap<>();
     protected final Map<Key, CustomItem<I>> customItemsById = new LinkedHashMap<>();
     protected final Map<String, CustomItem<I>> customItemsByPath = new HashMap<>();
     protected final Map<Key, List<UniqueKey>> customItemTags = new HashMap<>();
@@ -96,19 +94,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractItemManager<I> extends AbstractModelGenerator impl
         return new ConfigParser[]{this.itemParser, this.equipmentParser};
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public ExternalItemSource<I> getExternalItemSource(String name) {
-        return this.externalItemSources.get(name);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean registerExternalItemSource(ExternalItemSource<I> externalItemSource) {
-        if (!ResourceLocation.isValidNamespace(externalItemSource.plugin())) return false;
-        if (this.externalItemSources.containsKey(externalItemSource.plugin())) return false;
-        this.externalItemSources.put(externalItemSource.plugin(), externalItemSource);
-        return true;
-    }
-
     @Override
     public void unload() {
         super.clearModelsToGenerate();
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/ExternalItemSource.java b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/ExternalItemSource.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 68daa3d67..000000000
--- a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/ExternalItemSource.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-package net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item;
-
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-public interface ExternalItemSource<I> {
-
-    String plugin();
-
-    @Nullable
-    I build(String id, ItemBuildContext context);
-
-    String id(I item);
-}
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/ItemManager.java b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/ItemManager.java
index ba87486ee..f31ec93a0 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/ItemManager.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/ItemManager.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item;
 
+import cn.gtemc.itembridge.api.ItemBridge;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.entity.player.Player;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.behavior.ItemBehavior;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.equipment.Equipment;
@@ -60,10 +61,6 @@ public interface ItemManager<T> extends Manageable, ModelGenerator {
         return loadedItems().keySet();
     }
 
-    ExternalItemSource<T> getExternalItemSource(String name);
-
-    boolean registerExternalItemSource(ExternalItemSource<T> externalItemSource);
-
     Optional<Equipment> getEquipment(Key key);
 
     Optional<CustomItem<T>> getCustomItem(Key key);
@@ -124,4 +121,6 @@ public interface ItemManager<T> extends Manageable, ModelGenerator {
     List<UniqueKey> getIngredientSubstitutes(Key item);
 
     ItemUpdateResult updateItem(Item<T> item, Supplier<ItemBuildContext> contextSupplier);
+
+    <P> ItemBridge<T, P> itemBridgeProvider();
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/modifier/ExternalModifier.java b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/modifier/ExternalModifier.java
index 4844f542e..2774c34c0 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/modifier/ExternalModifier.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/item/modifier/ExternalModifier.java
@@ -1,24 +1,31 @@
 package net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.modifier;
 
-import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ExternalItemSource;
+import cn.gtemc.itembridge.api.Provider;
+import cn.gtemc.itembridge.api.context.BuildContext;
+import cn.gtemc.itembridge.api.context.ContextKey;
+import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.entity.player.Player;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.Item;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemBuildContext;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemDataModifierFactory;
+import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.item.ItemManager;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.CraftEngine;
+import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.context.ContextHolder;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.locale.LocalizedResourceConfigException;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.util.Key;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.util.ResourceConfigUtils;
+import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.util.VersionHelper;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
 import java.util.*;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 public class ExternalModifier<I> implements ItemDataModifier<I> {
     public static final Factory<?> FACTORY = new Factory<>();
     private static final ThreadLocal<Set<Dependency>> BUILD_STACK = ThreadLocal.withInitial(LinkedHashSet::new);
     private final String id;
-    private final ExternalItemSource<I> provider;
+    private final Provider<I, Object> provider;
 
-    public ExternalModifier(String id, ExternalItemSource<I> provider) {
+    public ExternalModifier(String id, Provider<I, Object> provider) {
         this.id = id;
         this.provider = provider;
     }
@@ -27,7 +34,7 @@ public class ExternalModifier<I> implements ItemDataModifier<I> {
         return id;
     }
 
-    public ExternalItemSource<I> source() {
+    public Provider<I, Object> source() {
         return provider;
     }
 
@@ -36,7 +43,6 @@ public class ExternalModifier<I> implements ItemDataModifier<I> {
         return ItemDataModifiers.EXTERNAL;
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     @Override
     public Item<I> apply(Item<I> item, ItemBuildContext context) {
         Dependency dependency = new Dependency(provider.plugin(), id);
@@ -54,12 +60,14 @@ public class ExternalModifier<I> implements ItemDataModifier<I> {
 
         buildStack.add(dependency);
         try {
-            I another = this.provider.build(this.id, context);
+            ItemManager<I> itemManager = CraftEngine.instance().itemManager();
+            Player player = context.player();
+            I another = this.provider.buildOrNull(this.id, player == null ? null : player.platformPlayer(), adapt(context));
             if (another == null) {
                 CraftEngine.instance().logger().warn("'" + this.id + "' could not be found in " + provider.plugin());
                 return item;
             }
-            Item<I> anotherWrapped = (Item<I>) CraftEngine.instance().itemManager().wrap(another);
+            Item<I> anotherWrapped = itemManager.wrap(another);
             item.merge(anotherWrapped);
             return item;
         } catch (Throwable e) {
@@ -71,16 +79,42 @@ public class ExternalModifier<I> implements ItemDataModifier<I> {
         }
     }
 
+    private static BuildContext adapt(ItemBuildContext context) {
+        if (!VersionHelper.IS_RUNNING_IN_DEV) return BuildContext.empty(); // 先不在生产环境启用
+        ContextHolder contexts = context.contexts();
+        if (contexts.isEmpty()) {
+            return BuildContext.empty();
+        }
+        BuildContext.Builder builder = BuildContext.builder();
+        for (Map.Entry<net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.context.ContextKey<?>, Supplier<Object>> entry : contexts.params().entrySet()) {
+            Object value = entry.getValue().get();
+            if (value == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            Class<?> type = value.getClass(); // fixme 这个获取办法并不正确，net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.context.ContextKey 应该在创建的时候记录是什么类型
+            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+            ContextKey<Object> contextKey = (ContextKey<Object>) ContextKey.of(type, entry.getKey().node());
+            with(builder, contextKey, entry.getValue());
+        }
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static <T> void with(BuildContext.Builder builder, ContextKey<T> key, Supplier<T> value) {
+        builder.with(key, value);
+    }
+
     public static class Factory<I> implements ItemDataModifierFactory<I> {
 
-        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
         @Override
         public ItemDataModifier<I> create(Object arg) {
             Map<String, Object> data = ResourceConfigUtils.getAsMap(arg, "external");
             String plugin = ResourceConfigUtils.requireNonEmptyStringOrThrow(ResourceConfigUtils.get(data, "plugin", "source"), "warning.config.item.data.external.missing_source");
             String id = ResourceConfigUtils.requireNonEmptyStringOrThrow(data.get("id"), "warning.config.item.data.external.missing_id");
-            ExternalItemSource<I> provider = (ExternalItemSource<I>) CraftEngine.instance().itemManager().getExternalItemSource(plugin.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
-            return new ExternalModifier<>(id, ResourceConfigUtils.requireNonNullOrThrow(provider, () -> new LocalizedResourceConfigException("warning.config.item.data.external.invalid_source", plugin)));
+            ItemManager<I> itemManager = CraftEngine.instance().itemManager();
+            Provider<I, Object> provider = itemManager.itemBridgeProvider().provider(plugin.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH)).orElseThrow(
+                    () -> new LocalizedResourceConfigException("warning.config.item.data.external.invalid_source", plugin)
+            );
+            return new ExternalModifier<>(id, provider);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/plugin/context/ContextHolder.java b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/plugin/context/ContextHolder.java
index cb7124019..cda3fd723 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/plugin/context/ContextHolder.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/plugin/context/ContextHolder.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.context;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
@@ -93,6 +94,16 @@ public class ContextHolder {
         return (T) Optional.ofNullable(this.params.get(parameter)).map(Supplier::get).orElse(defaultValue);
     }
 
+    @ApiStatus.Internal
+    public Map<ContextKey<?>, Supplier<Object>> params() {
+        return ImmutableMap.copyOf(this.params);
+    }
+
+    @ApiStatus.Internal
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return this.params.isEmpty();
+    }
+
     public static Builder builder() {
         return new Builder();
     }
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/world/chunk/storage/CompressionMethod.java b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/world/chunk/storage/CompressionMethod.java
index cfe5268c0..466d366bf 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/world/chunk/storage/CompressionMethod.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/net/momirealms/craftengine/core/world/chunk/storage/CompressionMethod.java
@@ -1,16 +1,20 @@
 package net.momirealms.craftengine.core.world.chunk.storage;
 
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.io.FastBufferedInputStream;
+import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.io.FastBufferedOutputStream;
 import net.jpountz.lz4.LZ4BlockInputStream;
 import net.jpountz.lz4.LZ4BlockOutputStream;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.CraftEngine;
 import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.plugin.dependency.Dependencies;
+import net.momirealms.craftengine.core.util.ReflectionUtils;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.zip.DeflaterOutputStream;
@@ -22,8 +26,8 @@ public class CompressionMethod {
     public static final int METHOD_COUNT = 5;
     public static final CompressionMethod[] METHODS = new CompressionMethod[METHOD_COUNT +1];
     public static final CompressionMethod NONE = register(new CompressionMethod(1, (stream) -> stream, (stream) -> stream));
-    public static final CompressionMethod DEFLATE = register(new CompressionMethod(2, (stream) -> new FastBufferedInputStream(new InflaterInputStream(stream)), (stream) -> new BufferedOutputStream(new DeflaterOutputStream(stream))));
-    public static final CompressionMethod GZIP = register(new CompressionMethod(3, (stream) -> new FastBufferedInputStream(new GZIPInputStream(stream)), (stream) -> new BufferedOutputStream(new GZIPOutputStream(stream))));
+    public static final CompressionMethod DEFLATE = register(new CompressionMethod(2, (stream) -> new FastBufferedInputStream(new InflaterInputStream(stream)), (stream) -> new FastBufferedOutputStream(new DeflaterOutputStream(stream))));
+    public static final CompressionMethod GZIP = register(new CompressionMethod(3, (stream) -> new FastBufferedInputStream(new GZIPInputStream(stream)), (stream) -> new FastBufferedOutputStream(new GZIPOutputStream(stream))));
     public static final CompressionMethod LZ4 = register(new CompressionMethod(4, LZ4BlockInputStream::new, LZ4BlockOutputStream::new));
     public static final CompressionMethod ZSTD;
 
@@ -31,24 +35,26 @@ public class CompressionMethod {
         ClassLoader classLoader = CraftEngine.instance().dependencyManager().obtainClassLoaderWith(Set.of(Dependencies.ZSTD));
         try {
             Class<?> inputStreamClass = classLoader.loadClass("com.github.luben.zstd.ZstdInputStream");
-            Constructor<?> inputStreamConstructor = inputStreamClass.getConstructor(InputStream.class);
+            MethodHandle inputStreamConstructor = ReflectionUtils.unreflectConstructor(inputStreamClass.getConstructor(InputStream.class))
+                    .asType(MethodType.methodType(InputStream.class, InputStream.class));
             Class<?> outputStreamClass = classLoader.loadClass("com.github.luben.zstd.ZstdOutputStream");
-            Constructor<?> outputStreamConstructor = outputStreamClass.getConstructor(OutputStream.class);
+            MethodHandle outputStreamConstructor = ReflectionUtils.unreflectConstructor(outputStreamClass.getConstructor(OutputStream.class))
+                    .asType(MethodType.methodType(OutputStream.class, OutputStream.class));
             ZSTD = register(
                     new CompressionMethod(
                             5,
                             rawStream -> {
                                 try {
-                                    return (InputStream) inputStreamConstructor.newInstance(rawStream);
-                                } catch (Exception e) {
+                                    return (InputStream) inputStreamConstructor.invokeExact(rawStream);
+                                } catch (Throwable e) {
                                     CraftEngine.instance().logger().warn("Could not instantiate ZstdInputStream", e);
                                     return rawStream;
                                 }
                             },
                             rawStream -> {
                                 try {
-                                    return (OutputStream) outputStreamConstructor.newInstance(rawStream);
-                                } catch (Exception e) {
+                                    return (OutputStream) outputStreamConstructor.invokeExact(rawStream);
+                                } catch (Throwable e) {
                                     CraftEngine.instance().logger().warn("Could not instantiate ZstdOutputStream", e);
                                     return rawStream;
                                 }
diff --git a/gradle.properties b/gradle.properties
index 27f3fbb86..73bd8304d 100644
--- a/gradle.properties
+++ b/gradle.properties
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ jimfs_version=1.3.1
 authlib_version=7.0.60
 concurrent_util_version=0.0.8-SNAPSHOT
 bucket4j_version=8.15.0
+itembridge_version=1.0.12
 
 # Proxy settings
 systemProp.socks.proxyHost=127.0.0.1